Vaccines and Immunization

Autoimmune & Inflammatory Diseases

The immune system has the capacity to mount an immune response to virtually all molecules and/or cells. Although the capacity to respond to self-antigen is present in all of us, in most instances such responses result in tolerance, indicating that mechanisms must exist to prevent or subdue autoimmune responses. Moreover, auto-reactive T and B cells, as well as auto-antibodies, are found in people who do not have autoimmune diseases, demonstrating that immunological auto-reactivity alone is not sufficient for the development of the disease. The mechanisms currently thought to prevent/dampen autoimmune responses include inactivation or deletion of auto reactive B and T cells, active suppression by cells or cytokines, idiotype or anti-idiotype interactions, and the immunosuppressive adrenal hormones, the glucocorticoids.